Different Muscle Types |
Cardiac Muscle - involuntary muscles that help in pumping blood throughout the heart by alternating contractions and relaxing the cardiac muscle pump.
Skeletal Muscle - voluntary muscles that are attached to bones via tendons. They work together with bones and tendons for movement Smooth Muscle - involuntary muscles that are responsible for contractions of organs such as the esophagus |
Skeletal Muscle Development Stages
Various Muscle Disorders
Hypotonia - a condition that can affect muscle tone and movement involving the brain, spinal cord, nerves and muscles. It may be a sign of a problem anywhere along the pathway that controls muscle movement. A few causes include: brain damage, muscular dystrophy, down syndrome or trisomy 13.
Muscle Atrophy - a condition that is caused due to the loss or wasting of muscle tissue. There are two types: Disuse Atrophy and Neurogenic Atrophy. The first occurs from a lack of muscular activity. Decreased activity levels can lead to loss of muscle tone and the development of atrophy. This type of atrophy can be reversed with better exercise. Neurogenic atrophy is usually due to an injury to a nerve that connects to the muscle. This usually occurs more suddenly then disuse atrophy.
Sacropenia - a condition that is associated with aging. Loss of muscle mass and strength, in conjunction with loss of balance, are hallmarks of this disease. Problems with muscles and aging are unavoidable, but the aging process can be slowed down. It is most commonly seen in inactive people. It can also effect active people, showing that a sedentary lifestyle is not the only factor.
Myotonia - a medical condition in which the relaxation of muscle is impaired. It can affect any muscle group and repeated efforts are needed to relax the muscle. The condition usually improves after the muscles have warmed-up. It is caused by an abnormality in the muscle membrane and is associated with inherited neurological disorders. Treatment includes physical therapy and anticonvulsant drugs such as mexelitine and quinine.
Hypotonia - a condition that can affect muscle tone and movement involving the brain, spinal cord, nerves and muscles. It may be a sign of a problem anywhere along the pathway that controls muscle movement. A few causes include: brain damage, muscular dystrophy, down syndrome or trisomy 13.
Muscle Atrophy - a condition that is caused due to the loss or wasting of muscle tissue. There are two types: Disuse Atrophy and Neurogenic Atrophy. The first occurs from a lack of muscular activity. Decreased activity levels can lead to loss of muscle tone and the development of atrophy. This type of atrophy can be reversed with better exercise. Neurogenic atrophy is usually due to an injury to a nerve that connects to the muscle. This usually occurs more suddenly then disuse atrophy.
Sacropenia - a condition that is associated with aging. Loss of muscle mass and strength, in conjunction with loss of balance, are hallmarks of this disease. Problems with muscles and aging are unavoidable, but the aging process can be slowed down. It is most commonly seen in inactive people. It can also effect active people, showing that a sedentary lifestyle is not the only factor.
Myotonia - a medical condition in which the relaxation of muscle is impaired. It can affect any muscle group and repeated efforts are needed to relax the muscle. The condition usually improves after the muscles have warmed-up. It is caused by an abnormality in the muscle membrane and is associated with inherited neurological disorders. Treatment includes physical therapy and anticonvulsant drugs such as mexelitine and quinine.
Muscle Strain/Ache Treatment
Pulled Muscle (Muscle Strain)
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http://www.webmd.com/fitness-exercise/guide/muscle-strain
https://www.brennerchildrens.org/KidsHealth/Teens/Sports-Center/Sports-Injuries/Quadriceps-Contusion.htm
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References
1. https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003298.htm
2. http://davincicharter.org/Goslee/HumanBodySystems/page17.html
3. http://www.iofbonehealth.org/what-sarcopenia
4. http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/myotonia/myotonia.htm
5. http://jap.physiology.org/content/104/3/579
6. http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00111
1. https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003298.htm
2. http://davincicharter.org/Goslee/HumanBodySystems/page17.html
3. http://www.iofbonehealth.org/what-sarcopenia
4. http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/myotonia/myotonia.htm
5. http://jap.physiology.org/content/104/3/579
6. http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00111